Самоконтроль і самоочищення

Джерело : islamweb.net
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A person in this worldly life lives in a state of ongoing struggle against visible and unseen enemies, and though some enemies are unseen, they may be more destructive than the visible ones. Тому, one should always be alert and cautious. A person’s own self is the most hostile enemy that urges him to attain every possible desire and obtain every pleasure, even if it violates the commands of Allaah and His Messenger, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam.

When the slave of Allaah indulges in his desires and surrenders to it, this would lead to his destruction. Однак, if he strives against his desires and makes his faith and piety take control over and hold back his desires, he would gain victory in one of the greatest battlefields of Jihaad. In this respect, the Messenger of Allaah, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, сказав: “Should I inform you of the [все йшло згідно з ісламом, але не вдалося] believer? It is he whom people trust over their wealth and lives, and the [все йшло згідно з ісламом, але не вдалося] Muslim is he who avoids harming Muslims with his tongue and hands, and the Mujaahid [holy warrior] is he who strives against his self and his desires in order to obey Allaah, and the Muhaajir [emigrant] is the one who abandons all what Allaah has forbidden.” [As-Silsilah As-Saheehah by Al-Albaani: 549]

Тому, striving against one’s self is one of the best types of Jihaad. Ibn Battaal, may Allaah have mercy upon him, сказав, Striving against one’s self is the most perfect type of Jihaad, as Allaah The Almighty Says (що означає): “But as for he who feared the position of his Lord and prevented the soul from [незаконний] inclination.” [Коран 79:40] Це досягається, заважаючи самості вчинити вчинки непокору, уникати сумнівних питань та відмови від надмірної насолоди законними бажаннями, щоб більше насолоджуватися ними на подальшому, як вони там були б для нього.

Ступеня прагнення до себе

Деякі з видатних вчених сказали, що існує чотири ступеня прагнення до себе:
• Здійснення самостійності, щоб дізнатися питання, що стосуються релігії.
• здійснення себе- Опір, щоб діяти відповідно до того, що він навчився.
• здійснення себе- Опір, щоб навчити невігласи тому, що він навчився.
• Закликати інших, щоб засвідчити, що ніхто не гідний поклоніння, але Аллаха і бореться з тими, хто кидає виклик його релігії, і заперечує його прихильності та щедрості.

Ways of Self-Control and Self Purification

A Muslim needs assistance in order to protect himself against his desires and exercise self-control.

1- Perseverance: This is the most powerful weapon a Muslim can use to exercise self-control. A person who is determined to overcome his whims, desires and evil companions, will be able to control himself and gain his self-esteem, and thereby overcome and gain victory over them. З іншого боку, a person who becomes vexed and impatient with exercising self-control will become defeated, captured and a slave to his evil-companion and desire. Ziyaad ibn Abi Ziyaad, a freed salve of Ibn ‘Ayyaash, may Allaah have mercy upon them both, would challenge himself in the mosque and say, “What do you want? Where do you want to go? Is there a place better than this mosque you want to go to? Look at what is in it. Do you want to look at the house of so and so instead?” He would also say to himself, “You have no food other than this bread and oil, and no other clothes than these two garments, and no other wife but this old woman. Would you prefer to die?” Then he would say: "Ні, I shall have patience over this lifestyle.”

Також, коли Maalik ibn Dinaar, may Allaah have mercy upon him, would wander in the market and when he saw something that he desired, he would say to himself, “Be patient. By Allaah, I only prevent you due to your honorable position in my sight.” These are examples of some righteous people who exercised self-control by having patience and perseverance.

2- Adopting a self-critical attitude: This is one of the means that would help a person in disciplining and controlling it. When a person realizes the true nature of himself, he would not incline or surrender to it; скоріше, he would criticize it. How could a person have good expectations of a bitter enemy who awaits the opportunity to suddenly attack him? Всемогутній Аллах каже (що означає):And I do not acquit myself. Дійсно, the soul is a persistent enjoiner of evil, except those upon which my Lord has mercy. [Коран 12:53]
When Abu Bakr appointed ‘Umar, may Allaah be pleased with them, as his successor, he advised him, кажучи, “The first thing that I warn you against is yourself.”

3- Supplicating to Allaah The Almighty, resorting to Him and seeking help through prayers, zakat and fasting: These are also from the greatest causes that assist self-control. It was narrated on the authority of Rabee‘ah Al-Aslami, нехай буде задоволений ним Аллах, that he said, “I would spend the night with the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam. I would bring him water for his ablution and other things he needed. He once said to me: ‘Ask of me.’ I said, ‘I ask for your company in Paradise.’ He said: ‘Is this the only thing you ask for?' Я сказав, ‘It is only this.’ He said: ‘Help me in this by yourself, by making prostration abundantly.’”

Exercising self-control is one of the greatest ways that bring about goodness. When Allaah helps His slave succeed in such a matter, he will gain victory and such a benefit that he would never experience any loss afterwards. Однак, if he fails and is defeated, his loss would be great.

яТ у хадеті розповів, що месенджер, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, сказав:

Сатана ставить перешкоди в усіх відношеннях сина Аадама приймає підкорятися Аллаху: Він поставив перешкоди на шляху до прийняття ісламу і сказав, «Чи будете ви прийняти іслам і відмовитися від своєї релігії, релігія вашого батька та діда?Ще, Він не послухав його і прийняв іслам. Тоді, Він поставив перешкоди на шляху до виконання хідри і сказав, «Чи будете ви емігрувати і відмовитися від своєї землі та неба. Емігрант схожий на коня, який заквзає?Ще, Він його не послухав і емігрував. Тоді, Він поставив перешкоди на шляху до виконання Джіхаада і сказав, «Чи будете ви виконувати джихаад і жертвувати своїм життям і багатством, Тоді вас уб'ють, Ваша дружина вийде заміж за іншого чоловіка, і ваше багатство буде розділене [Серед ваших спадкоємців].", he disobeyed him and performed Jihaad.”
Пророк, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, added: “Allaah made it a right over Himself to make anyone who does so to enter Paradise. If he drowns or is cast off his mount [while performing Jihaad], Allaah would admit him to Paradise.”

Боже (swt) says in the Qur’an:
And they were not commanded except to worship God, dedicating their faith to Him as men of pure faith, and to maintain the prayer, and pay the zakat. That is the upright religion. (98:5)
Zakat is derived from the same root as tazkiyah (purification) тобто. za-ka-wa which means growth and purity. This is why God says to the Prophet Muhammad (пила.):
Take charity from their possessions to cleanse them and purify them thereby, and bless them. Indeed your blessing is a comfort to them, and God is all-hearing, all-knowing. (9:103)

The beloved Prophet Muhammad said “There is in the body a clump of flesh – if it becomes good, the whole body becomes good and if it becomes bad, the whole body becomes bad. And indeed it is the heart.”

From this we can deduce that having a pure heart is another way to purification, this can be obtained through having good intentions though out your life in regards to worship, and that all our worship and other actions are solely to please Allaah.
Narrated ‘Umar bin Al-Khattab: Allah’s Apostle said, “The reward of deeds depends upon the intention and every person will get the reward according to what he has intended. So whoever emigrated for Allah and His Apostle, then his emigration was for Allah and His Apostle. And whoever emigrated for worldly benefits or for a woman to marry, його еміграція була заради того, заради чого він емігрував.” [Сенс витрачати з того, що дав вам Аллах, означає прагнути до свого багатства і допомагати іншим людям]

Висновок
Це основний факт, що ми повинні мати самоконтроль. Не може бути духовності без самодисципліни. Ми не можемо розвивати себе, просто роблячи те, що бажаємо, і задовольняючи та задовольняючи свою душу. Звичайно, Іслам каже нам, що самоконтроль-це лише початок. Що нам потрібно зробити - це перетворити нашу душу з тієї, яка має інтерес до нижчих бажань у душу, яка натомість прагне до добрих речей. Навчаючи та очищаючи наші душі, Наша душа сама стає помічником і помічником для нас. Головне завдання пророків і зокрема пророка Мухаммеда (пила.) було допомогти людям очистити себе. Причиною такого великого акценту на самозакохані є той факт, що Бог є найчистішим і найдосконалішим, і лише шляхом очищення душі ми можемо досягти наших амбіцій наблизитися до Нього. Один з головних способів очищення - позбутися прихильності до матеріалістичного життя, видаючи власні гроші заради Бога.
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Джерело : http://www.islamweb.net/womane/nindex.php?сторінка = readart&id = 158751
http://www.al-islam.org/mot/significance-self-control.htm