Kako muslimani planiraju invalidnost

Po Čisti brak - lipanj, 13th 2019 Obitelji s djecom s invaliditetom imaju izniman niz izazova i blagoslova. Invalidnost (ili posebnim potrebama) je širok pojam. Many disabilities will prevent what we often think of as “normal.” It may hinder or prevent educational opportunities, and employment. Many people with “special needs” can get educated, get married and live long and productive lives. The problem for many parents of younger children with special needs is that they typically have no certainty about their children’s future needs. Even if the situation looks dire, it may not stay that way. How do parents plan for a world where they may not be around to see how things will end up for their special needs children? What can they do to help their children in a way that does not violate Islamic Inheritance rules? Certain types of disability, especially the loss of executive decision-making ability, could also happen well into adulthood. This can be a threat to a family’s wealth and be the cause of internal conflicts. This is the kind of thing every adult needs to think about before it happens.  

The Problem

The issues are not just that parents believe their special needs child will need more inheritance than other children. Muslim parents usually don’t think that. Some parents don’t want their special needs child to get any inheritance at all. Ne zbog bilo kakve zle volje prema njihovom djetetu s posebnim potrebama; upravo suprotno, nego zato što se boje da će nasljedstvo rezultirati sabotiranjem državnih beneficija njihova djeteta temeljenih na potrebama. Puno, možda većina djece s posebnim potrebama nema nikakve koristi od naknada temeljenih na potrebama (beneficije za siromašne). Ali mnogi to rade, ili bi mnogi roditelji mogli shvatiti da je to posebna mogućnost. Ovaj članak je kratko objašnjenje nekih opcija koje su dostupne roditeljima djece s posebnim potrebama. Neće prijeći preko svake opcije, nego prije onih koji su obično uključeni kao dio bilo kakvog islamskog planiranja imanja.  

Molimo pričekajte

Primjer: Salma ima tri kćeri i dva sina. Jedno od njezine djece, Khalid, 3, ima Downov sindrom. U ovom trenutku, Salma knows that raising Khalida is going to be an immense challenge for herself, her husband Rashid and all the older siblings. What she does not know, međutim, is what specific care Khalida is going to need through her life or how her disability will continue to be relevant. She does not know a lot about Khalida’s future marriage prospects, ability to be employed and be independent, though obviously like any parent she has nothing but positive hopes for her child’s life.

Na Čisti brak, Pomažemo 80 ljudi se tjedno vjenčaju! Možemo vam pomoći pronaći i svog pravednog partnera! Registriraj se

Odmah pronađite muslimane samce! Registrirajte se BESPLATNO In the event of her death, Salma wants to make sure her daughter gets her Islamic right to inheritance. Međutim, if Khalida needs public benefits, Salma does not want her daughter disqualified because she has her own money. Njezino rješenje je nešto što se zove "stand-by trust za posebne potrebe". Ova vrsta povjerenja radi se zajedno s Islamskim planom nasljeđivanja i obično je dio živog povjerenja, iako to može biti i povjerenje upisano u posljednju volju. U nastavku ću opisati više o tome što je trust za posebne potrebe. Za Salmu, ona je Povjerenik njezina povjerenja. Nakon što ona umre, imenuje svog muža (ili netko drugi) nasljednika Povjerenika. Zaklada je sastavljena kako bi se spriječilo da postane "raspoloživi resurs" koji se koristi za određivanje podobnosti za javne beneficije kao što je dopunski sigurnosni prihod (SSI), Medicaid i druge pogodnosti koje idu uz to. Ako se ispostavi da Salma premine kad i Khalida 5, a njezina se imovina drži u povjerenju dok ona ne bude 18 a njezin povjerenik utvrdi da joj ne treba povjerenje za posebne potrebe, ona će dobiti svoje nasljedstvo upravo kao i svi drugi na osnovu svog islamskog prava. Ako joj trebaju povlastice, Povjerenik će izvršiti samo raspodjele Khalidi koje ne bi ugrozile njezinu podobnost. to samo znači da mu treba vremena za sebe da razmisli o stvarima, nema potrebe uskratiti Khalidi njezino nasljedstvo zbog njenog invaliditeta, a također se brine da davanje nasljedstva svojoj kćeri ne bi naštetilo kćerinoj zdravstvenoj skrbi ili drugoj potrebnoj podršci.  

Oblik zaklada za posebne potrebe

Samostalni trustovi za posebne potrebe, što se ponekad naziva "povjerenje za dodatne potrebe" bez varijante "pripravnosti" koju sam gore opisao, su standardni uređaj za obitelji koje imaju djecu s posebnim potrebama. Zaklada je sredstvo vlasništva imovine. A Grantor gives the property to a Trustee, who manages the property for the benefit of a beneficiary. In a revocable living trust, the Grantor, Trustee, and Beneficiary are typically the same person. When the trust is irrevocable, the Grantor, Trustee, and Beneficiary may all be different people. In a special needs trust, the person with a disability is the beneficiary. Ponekad, the person with a disability is also the Grantor, the person who created the trust. This might happen if there is a settlement from a lawsuit for example and the person with special needs wants it to be paid to the trust. In many if not most cases, the goal may not be to protect the beneficiary’s ability to get public benefits at all. Many people with a disability don’t get special government benefits. But they do want to protect the beneficiaries from having to manage the assets. Some people are just more susceptible to abuse. The structure of the arrangement typically reflects the complexity of the family, the desire of siblings and extended family to continue to be involved in the care and attending to the needs of the person with a disability, even if they are not the person directly writing checks.  

When disability planning is not about Public Benefits

Perhaps most families with special needs children do not use any needs-based public assistance. They are still concerned about special needs and planning for it. Primjer: Hatidža, 16, is on the autism spectrum. For those familiar with the autism spectrum, that could mean a lot of things. For her parents, Sarah and Yacoob, other than certain habits that are harmless and easy to get used to, it means Khadija is very trusting of people. Inače, she does well in school, and her parents don’t think she needs way more help than her siblings and she has just as good a chance of leading a healthy and productive life as any 16-year-old girl. The downside of being too trusting is that the outside world can exploit her. If she ends up getting inheritance or gifts, she may lose it. The parents decide that when she gets her inheritance, it will be in a trust that would continue through her life. There will be a trustee who will make sure she has what she needs from her trust, but that nobody can exploit her. In some ways, what Khadija’s parents Sarah and Yacoob are doing is not so different from what parents might do if they have a child with a substance abuse problem. They want to give their child her rights, but they don’t want to allow for exploitation and abuse.  

Considering your own needs

There are many people who are easy marks for scammers, yet you would be unlikely to know this unless you are either a close friend or family member, or a scammer yourself. While this often happens to the elderly, it can happen at just about any age. Everyone should consider developing an “incapacity plan” to preserve their wealth even if they lose their executive decision-making ability. There is this process in state courts known as “conservatorship.” Indeed, cijele sudnice posvećuju se konzervatorstvu i drugim pitanjima vezanim uz mentalno zdravlje. To je pravni proces koji uzrokuje da pojedinac izgubi svoju financijsku ili osobnu slobodu jer ga je sud u biti proglasio nesposobnim za rješavanje svojih poslova. Konzervatori su javni proces. Oni mogu uzrokovati mnogo boli, neugodnosti i unutarnje obiteljske svađe. Jedna od prednosti dobro osmišljenog povjerenja za život je zaštita privatnosti i dostojanstva u teškim vremenima.  

Planiranje za svakoga

Islamsko naslijeđe je farz i svaki musliman treba nastojati da ga ugradi u svoj život. Kako to biva, to je obaveza muslimana, barem one u Sjedinjenim Državama, rutinski ignorirati ili se s njima neadekvatno nositi. Međutim, postoji više od planiranja nego samo koje dionice idu kome nakon smrti. Every family needs to create a system. There may or may not be problems with children or even with yourself (other than death, which will happen), but you should do whatever you can to protect your family’s wealth and dignity while also fulfilling your obligations to both yourself and your family. Ahmed Shaikh is a Southern California Attorney. He writes about inheritance, nonprofits and other legal issues affecting Muslims in the United States. His Islamic Inheritance website is www.islamicinheritance.com

Na Čisti brak, Pomažemo 50 ljudi se tjedno vjenčaju!

Odmah pronađite muslimane samce! Registrirajte se BESPLATNO