UBUMAMA OBUSHA: LAPHO UMAMA EDABUKILE

Ukuba umama omusha kungaba okunye okuhlangenwe nakho okuzuzisa kakhulu owesifazane angaba nakho ekuphileni, kodwa futhi kungaba inselele ngendlela emangalisayo futhi kukhungathekise. Ukuba ngumama okusha ngokuvamile kuhlotshaniswa nokuzizwa ubusisekile ngendlela emangalisayo, umuzwa omusha wokwaneliseka nobudlelwane bomndeni. Kulindeleke ukuthi omama abashakufanele bajabule futhi lapho bengekho bonke abantu basala bedidekile ukuthi kungani. Yini umama omusha okufanele ayenze lapho kune-angst ebhobozayo eboshwe ekujuleni kwesifuba sakhe engeke iphele? Noma lapho amafu axubile okukhungatheka nokudabuka amlandele yonke indawo lapho eya khona? Umama omusha angatshela kanjani noma ubani ngemizwa yakhe enzima lapho ekhonaokufanele ukujabula? Hhayi-ke, impendulo ithi- akakwenzi. Omama abasanda kubeletha ezikhathini eziningi bazigcina kubo izinkinga zabo kanti abanye bagcina bewela ekucindezelekeni kwangemva kokubeletha.

Ukuthola usizo lokucindezeleka sekwamukeleke kakhulu emphakathini wamaSulumane eminyakeni embalwa edlule, nokho, Ukucindezeleka Kwangemva Kokubeletha (PPD) isandiza kakhulu ngaphansi kwe-radar ngenxa yokuntula ulwazi mayelana nesihloko kanye nehlazo elihambisana nalo. Izinganekwane mayelana nokuthi yini edala ukuthi i-PPD iholele abesifazane ukuba bazihlukanise futhi bangalutholi usizo lapho ukusekelwa komndeni nomphakathi kungaba yilokho kanye omama abasha abadingayo..

KUYINI UBUHLUNGU BOKUMVA KOKUTHETHWA?

Isifo sangemva kokubeletha yilapho umama omusha ehlangabezana namazinga omtholampilo okucindezeleka ngemva kokuba nomntwana; njengokudabuka, ekhala, izinguquko ezinkulu esuthi, lala, ukucasuka, imizwa yokungabi namdlandla, nokungabi nathemba. Izihloko eziningi zocwaningo zicaphuna ukuthi ukucindezeleka kuthinta 11% kwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye 10-14% kwabesifazane ngemva kokubeletha[1], kodwa ububanzi bungaba noma kuphi 9-25% kuye ngezinto eziyingozi nezimo[2]. Abesifazane abavela ezizindeni ezincane, okuyinto abesifazane abaningi abangamaSulumane abawela kuyo, ingaba namazinga angemva kokubeletha aphezulu njenge 23%.[3]

Kucatshangwa ukuthi i-PPD ibangelwa owesifazane ongafuni ukuba nengane, nokho, kwabesifazane abaningi, kubangelwa inhlanganisela yezinguquko zomzimba (isib. amazinga e-hormone ehla), ukukhungatheka nokungasekelwa okwanele. I-PPD ayenzeki nje komama abasha kodwa ingenzeka ngemva kwanoma yikuphi ukukhulelwa noma ngisho naphakathi nokukhulelwa (I-Perinatal Depression).

Esinye sezizathu ezinkulu zokuthi i-PPD ingakhulunywa ngabo omama abasha amahloni kanye nomuzwa wecala. Emhlabeni jikelele, futhi ikakhulukazi emiphakathini yamaSulumane, ukuba nomntwana kulindeleke ukuthi kube yisikhathi senjabulo nenjabulo. Kuyi-sunnah ekhuthazwayo, isiko lokudlula kanye nezinkambiso zomphakathi ezilindelekile- kukhona ukulindela ukuzwa "umuzwa wemilingo" ngenxa yokuzalwa kwalesi sipho esihle kakhulu. Lapho owesifazane ezwa ukuthi wonke umuntu oseduze naye ulindele ukuthi ajabule kanti akunjalo, lokho kungabangela amahloni, icala, kanye nokuzithanda.

Akekho umuntu wesifazane ofuna ukubizwa njengomuntu ongabongiyo, engajabule noma engafaneleki, futhi lapho owesifazane ezwa sengathi akakwazi ukukhuluma nanoma ubani ngemizwa yakhe esengozini ngaphandle kokuhlazeka noma ukudelelwa, imizwa yakhe engemihle iyanda. Owesifazane angase asolwe ngokungabongi ngengane yakhe noma impilo nje jikelele lapho eveza imicabango yakhe ye-PPD kumalungu omndeni.. Abangane bomshado abadidekile bangase bangayiqondi kahle i-PPD futhi bajike amakhosikazi abo ambize ngokuthi uyavilapha noma ufundiswe izimiso zaseNtshonalanga noma zokulwela abesifazane lapho umama omusha ethi udinga ikhefu endlini.. Lapho umama osanda kuzalwa engasenandawo, uhlupheka yedwa ethule. Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kuhlupheka kufihlwe kahle ngemuva kokumomotheka okungelona iqiniso futhi ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu abukwazi ukububamba futhi bubangele ukuqhuma., ukuyaluza okungamahlalakhona noma ukuvaleka okuphelele kwemizwelo.

Izimpawu ze-PPD nazo azinakwa izikhathi eziningi ngoba abantu bakuthola kunzima ukuqaphela ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu. Owesifazane ulindeleke ukuba aziphathe futhi azizwe ngendlela ehlukile lapho ekhulelwe noma ngemva kokubeletha, kodwa yini umehluko phakathi kwezinkinga ezivamile zokulungisa kanye ne-clinical Adjustment Disorder? Ingabe umama unokuphazamiseka okukhulu ngoba ingane yakhe ivuka ngaso sonke isikhathi ebusuku, noma ngoba ecindezelekile? Ingabe umama wokuqala unesilinganiso esivamile sokukhathazeka ngenxa yokuthi akanalo ulwazi, noma ngenxa yokuthi angase abe Nokukhathazeka Kwangemva Kokubeletha?

Lapho umama osanda kuzalwa engazi ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu okufanele azibheke, ulahlekelwa amathuba okuhlonza nokuxazulula izinkinga ezingase zibe khona. Nazi ezinye izimpawu okufanele uzibheke mayelana ne-PPD:

1. Ukudabuka okuqhubekayo, ukukhathazeka, ukuyaluza, noma ukucindezeleka kwezingxenye zesikhathi isonto lonke elithatha okungenani amaviki ambalwa.
2. Ukusebenza kahle. Lokhu kuyakhohlisa ngoba omama abaningi abasha ngeke bakwazi ukunakekela izici ezithile zempilo yakhe njengakuqala, kodwa uma umama omusha engakwazi ukuhambisana nendlu, imisebenzi yansuku zonke eyisisekelo, inhlanzeko noma ubungane, njll. kungase kube wuphawu lokuthi udonsa kanzima.
3. Ukubukeka ukuthi kunoshintsho olukhulu ebuntwini. Ubuntu buzelwe futhi abujwayele ukushintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma othile ebonakala sengathi ubuntu bakhe bushintshile ikakhulukazi ngendlela engeyinhle lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yendaba enkulu esibhekene nayo. Akukhona ukuthi umuntu owake wajabula nomphakathi manje usephelelwe ithemba futhi uyedwa, wukuthi umuntu ojabule nohlalisana naye usedangele.

KUNGANI UKUCINDEZELEKA NGEMVA KOKUPHUMELA KUFANELE EMPHAKATHI WAMA-Muslim?

I-Postpartum Depression iyinkinga ebalulekile yezempilo nokuphila kahle kuyo yonke imiphakathi kodwa kufanele iphawuleke ikakhulukazi emiphakathini yamaSulumane njengoba sibeka kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlonipha omama nokubaphatha kahle.. Lapho abantu abaningi becabanga ngokubaluleka kokuba ngumama e-Islam, kufika ngokushesha imicabango yokunakekela umama wakho - ngokuvamile, kuvele isithombe sikamama omdala onakekelwa yizingane zakhe esezikhulile manje. Kodwa kuthiwani ngokubaluleka kwendima yokuba umama uqobo? Uma sizobamba ubumama buphakeme kunalokho kufanele futhi sinikeze ukwesekwa nezinsiza ezidingekayo ukuze abesifazane bakwazi ukufeza indima yabo ngendlela engcono kakhulu. Lapho omama abasha besekelwa, akusizi bona kuphela kodwa nezingane zabo - isizukulwane esilandelayo se-Ummah. Omama abanempilo basiza ukwakha amakhaya anempilo nemiphakathi enempilo.

Ngaphezu kokunika omama ukwesekwa okufanele abakudingayo, nathi njengomphakathi sidinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi asinikezi imiyalezo exubile nephikisanayo komama abasha mayelana neqhaza labo ku-Ummah.. Ukuba ngumama ngesikhathi esifanayo kungenye yezindima eziyigugu nezingahlonishwa kakhulu esikhathini sethu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, I-Islam ibeka omama ezinyathelweni, kuyilapho ngakolunye uhlangothi umphakathi wanamuhla ngokungaqondile udelela umama ngaso sonke isikhathi- ikakhulukazi kulabo abanquma ukuhlala ekhaya futhi banakekele izingane zabo. Akuvamile ukuthi abanye abantu bakhonze omama babo ngokushaya kwenhliziyo kodwa baye kumkakhe, indodakazi noma umngane bese usho okulandelayo:

“Uyenzani imini yonke nengane (noma izingane)?”

"Kumele kube kuhle ukuhlala ekhaya ungayi emsebenzini."

“Kungani ungasebenzisi iziqu zakho zasekolishi?”

“Noma ubani angaba umama- awudingi imfundo nanoma yiziphi izimfanelo ezikhethekile.”

NjengamaSulumane, kubalulekile ukuthi siqaphe eyethu imibono enempilo enganakile mayelana nokuba ngumama njengoba siphila esikweni lomhlaba wonke elikhuthaza okuphambene.. Indlela umphakathi obuka ngayo ukuba ngumama inomthelela endleleni omama abazizwa ngayo ngabo, nendlela abazizwa ngayo ngomthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu wokukhulisa izingane eziphathiswe bona.

IXHUMANA I-PPD NGOKUBUKA KWAMALEveli AMANINGI

Ukubhekana nenkinga yokudangala kwangemva kokubeletha ngokugcwele nangokuhlelekile kungakufanelekela kangcono ukushicilelwa isikhathi eside., nokho ngenhloso yalesi sihloko, nanka amasu alula kumuntu ngamunye, izinga lomndeni nelomphakathi elingasiza ukubhekana ne-PPD.

IZINGA LOMUNTU

Omama abasha bakhungethwe yizinto eziningi zomzimba, izinguquko ezingokwengqondo nezokusebenza, nokho, kunezindlela zokuthola usizo uma kuba nzima kakhulu ukuphatha ukusebenza kwansuku zonke. Enye yezindawo zokuqala umama omusha angaphendukela kuzo ngudokotela wakhe. Odokotela bezokubelethisa bajwayelene kakhulu ne-ins kanye nokuphuma kokulungisa okuvamile ngokumelene nokucindezeleka komtholampilo. Uma umama omusha engaqiniseki nge-Perinatal noma Postpartum Depression, angaluqhuba ngodokotela wakhe wokubelethisa kokunye kokuhlolwa kokukhulelwa kwakhe, esibhedlela ngemva kokubeletha, noma ku 6 ukuvakasha kokulandela isonto.

Ukuba nomndeni nabangane abasekelayo nakho kwenza umehluko omkhulu. Omama abaningi abasha abakhululekile ukukhuluma ngemizwa yabo enzima emibuthanweni yokuxhumana nabantu ngenxa yemibono yokuthi bangase babe ngaphansi kontanga yabo.. Uma umuntu engenabo abangani abamesekayo noma amalungu omndeni kunamaqembu amaningi kamama amasha angaba indawo enhle. Lawa maqembu okusekela angatholakala ku-inthanethi, ezibhedlela nangamaqembu e-OB/GYN. Uma ingekho inethiwekhi esekelayo, omama abasha bangafinyelela kumelaphi ukuze abasize baxazulule imizwa futhi babone izinsiza zendawo.

Ukuzinakekela kubaluleke kakhulu. Kukhona okulindelekile komama abasanda kuzalwa kanye nalabo abaseduze kwakhe ukuthi kufanele azinikele ngokuzinikela kanye nesikhathi enganeni yakhe ngaphandle kwemibandela.. Ukuba ngumama kuwumsebenzi ongapheli, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi umama omusha akufanele azibekele isikhathi esimisweni sakhe. Njengodokotela wezifo zengqondo osebenze nomama abasha abangenakubalwa eminyakeni edlule, Ngikholelwa ngempela ukuthi awukwazi ukunakekela omunye umuntu uma ungakwazi ukuzinakekela wena. Isikhathi sokuba wedwa, isikhathi esingokomoya esingaphazanyiswa, ukuthatha isihlwathi, ukudla ukudla okunempilo, ukuzivocavoca, ukuba semvelweni nokuchitha isikhathi nabangani akufanele kubhekwe njengokunethezeka, kodwa njengezidingo zempilo yesikhathi eside.

IZINGA LOMNDENI

Kubalulekile ukuthi owesifazane anakekele impilo yakhe yengqondo, nokho, lokhu akuwona umthwalo wakhe yedwa. Imindeni yenzelwe ukuthi incike komunye nomunye futhi kanjalo ibe abayeni, ogogo nomkhulu, futhi izingane zakini kufanele zibheke umama omusha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uyazinakekela ngenkathi enakekela umntwana omusha.. Uma indoda iqaphela ukuthi umkayo usenesikhathi eside engaphathekile kahle, njengomelusi womndeni wakhe, kuwumthwalo wakhe ukumsiza ekutholeni usizo aludingayo; omama bamadodakazi amadala, omalumekazi nodade kufanele benze okufanayo.

Imindeni ingasiza ngokusekela ngokomzwelo nangokuhleleka. Amazwi anomusa ahamba ibanga elide, kodwa kanjalo ukunikeza isandla sokusiza. Usizo kufanele lunikezwe ngokukhululekile ngaphandle kwenhloso yokwenza umama azizwe engafaneleki, noma ukuthi uyehluleka. Ukuvumela umama omusha ukuthi athathe ikhefu ngaphandle komntwana kungamenzela izimanga futhi akukona “ubugovu” ngaye.

IZINGA LOMPHAKATHI

Odokotela bokubelethisa bahlinzeka ngokuhlolwa kwangemva kokubeletha emahhovisi abo, kodwa lokhu akwanele. Ukuvimbela nokungenelela ezingeni lomphakathi kuyadingeka futhi i-masajid kufanele ikhuthaze amaqembu okusekela omama abasha kanye nomama ngokujwayelekile.. Ukuba namaqembu okusekelana kuthatha umzamo omncane noma ukuwanakekela njengoba ngokuvamile okudingekayo nje indawo lapho omama abasha bengahlangana khona ngokungaguquki kanye nomuntu ozobasiza..

Isixhumanisi Esingunaphakade sothando senza impilo ibe yinhle, i-masajid kufanele yenze imizamo engaguquki yokwenza izindawo zabo zibe nobungane. Umama omusha owake wathamela imicimbi eminingi emasjid angazithola ehlukanisiwe ngokuphelele nomphakathi uma engakwazi ukuletha ingane yakhe noma izingane - okungenzeka kube kubi nakakhulu ukudangala kwakhe.. Izingxenye ezilungele izingane emisebenzini yemasjid zingaba semqoka kumama omusha futhi zibe enye yezinsika ezibalulekile zokusekelwa komphakathi akudingayo..

Ngokufigqiwe, Ukucindezeleka Kwangemva Kokubeletha kungavinjelwa futhi kwelapheke ngokungenelela okulula njengokuhlinzeka omama abasha imizwa eyanele, ukwesekwa komphakathi kanye nomphakathi. Uma sivula ingxoxo nge-PPD sisusa imibono eyingozi yokuthi kungani ikhona futhi singasiza ekuxazululeni inkinga ngombono we-multi-dimensional.. Lapho i-PPD ingakwazi ukuvinjelwa noma ukulawulwa ukungenelela komphakathi nomndeni, kubalulekile ukusiza umama osanda kuzalwa ukuthi athole ukwesekwa akudingayo kudokotela wakhe noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo ngaphandle kokuzizwa sengathi ungumama omubi.

U-Najwa Awad ungusonhlalakahle wasemtholampilo onelayisensi (I-LCSW-C) esinikeze ukwelashwa kwengqondo kubantu ngabanye nemindeni endaweni yedolobha lase-Baltimore-Washington isikhathi eside 10 iminyaka. Uthole iziqu zeBachelors kuPsychology eGeorge Mason University ngo 2005. Ku 2007 uthole iMasters kuSocial Work eVirginia Commonwealth University egxile ekwelashweni kwabantu kanye nemindeni. UNajwa uphinde abe nemfundo ye-postgraduate ekwelapheni ukuhlukumezeka kwengqondo okuyinkimbinkimbi nempilo ye-telemental (ukwelulekwa nge-inthanethi). Ulwazi lwakhe kulo mkhakha luhlukahlukene futhi luhlanganisa nokuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo emakhaya eqembu, ezikoleni kanye nasohlelweni lokunakekela izingane ezitholwa yizingane okungebona kuzo. Muva nje uNajwa ubesebenza futhi eqondisa ezimeni zempilo yengqondo ezigulini ezingaphandle ehlinzeka nge-psychotherapy kubantu besifazane, izingane nemindeni. Izinkinga eziphathwayo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukuhlukumezeka, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwelo, ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha nokukhathazeka. Ngaphezu kokunikeza imihlangano yokucobelelana ngolwazi yezempilo yengqondo njalo emphakathini, U-Najwa uphinde abe nguBantu e-Yaqeen Institute for Islamic Research.

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